Function structure and working principle of hydraulic turbine governor

The role of turbine governor

This equipment usually uses the control vane motor (or paddle motor) to operate the oil volume, thereby prompting the opening of the vane (paddle) to control the flow rate of the water turbine, and at the same time It can adjust the speed of the turbine speed, which is the speed regulation function of the turbine governor.

The main function of the turbine governor is to adjust the flow into the turbine according to the increase and decrease trend of the generator load, so that the output of the turbine can be adapted to the external load, and the speed can also be kept within the rated value range. So as to ensure that the frequency (f=50Hz) does not change or changes within the allowable range.

The turbine governor can automatically and manually start and stop the units and accidental shutdown. When the units are running in parallel, it will automatically distribute the load between the units. The basic functions are as follows.

◆It can automatically adjust the speed of the hydro-generator set, so that it can maintain normal operation within the allowable deviation of the rated speed, so as to meet the grid's standard requirements for frequency quality.

◆The turbine governor can allow the turbine generator set to get a quick start effect automatically or manually, adapting to the increase or decrease of grid load and the needs of normal shutdown or emergency shutdown.

◆When the hydro-generator units are running in parallel in the power system, the hydro-turbine governor can automatically assume the predetermined load distribution so that each unit can realize economic operation.

◆The governor can also meet the needs of dual coordinated adjustment of rotary and impulse turbines.

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The structure of water turbine governor

Usually the main structure of the governor is composed of automatic adjustment mechanism, control mechanism, hydraulic equipment, protection device, monitoring instrument and other parts.

◆The structure of the automatic adjustment mechanism includes components such as flying pendulum, pilot valve, buffer, servomotor, main pressure valve, permanent differential adjustment mechanism, and transmission lever device of feedback mechanism.

◆The control mechanism of the turbine governor is composed of three parts: a speed change mechanism, a manual operation mechanism and an opening limit mechanism.

◆The structure of hydraulic equipment includes oil return tank, screw oil pump, pressure oil tank, intermediate oil tank, as well as other electrical contact pressure gauges for control, safety valves, air supplement valves, check valves and other components.

◆The protection device of the turbine governor includes the protection of the variable speed mechanism and the opening limit mechanism, the limit switch, the pressure signal device for the low pressure of the hydraulic equipment accident and the emergency stop solenoid valve.

◆The monitoring instrument and other parts in the governor structure include the indicator, tachometer, pressure gauge, oil leaker, oil pipeline and other parts used by the transmission mechanism, permanent differential adjustment mechanism and opening limit mechanism.

Transmitter|Encoder|Soft starter|Power supply|VFD|Light curtain|Servo products|Human-machine interface|Solenoid valve|Cylinder|Actuator|Flow meter|Transformer|Thyristor|Sensor|Deceleration drive gearbox reducer|Linear guide|Circuit breaker|Refrigeration compressorAll industrial products of okplazas are purchased from the original factory or formal channels of agents to ensure the original authenticity, which perfectly solves the problem of industrial product sample procurement and small-batch procurement for the majority of engineers and purchasing personnel.

Working principle of water turbine governor

Under normal circumstances, the speed signal (that is, the frequency of the unit) and the grid frequency (given frequency) are compared, and the electro-hydraulic converter is given an operation signal command to open or close the servomotor according to the difference value, and then The rotation speed adjustment action that controls the water flow of the turbine.

The working principle of the turbine governor is based on the speed deviation when the unit load changes, and the guide vane opening is quickly and automatically adjusted to achieve the purpose of adjusting the output recovery speed n. The speed control system must have mechanisms for measuring, amplifying, executing, and feeding back the speed deviation. The actuator is mainly used by the main servomotor to manipulate the pressure oil to change the opening of the guide vane.

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